The pardons is a composite word that defines the structure of the tooth support, is composed of hard and soft tissues surrounding the tooth, determining its stability.
The pardons consists of:
1. bone,
2. periodontal ligament,
3. cement,
4. gum
The pardons may fall for various reasons, leading to a variation of tissues that constitute it and undermining the normal physiological and anatomical relationship that can lead to tooth loss.
The causes that may trigger the disease periodontal may be many, but can be summed up in 2 main points:
1. Micro-organisms (bacteria and sub gingival above)
2. RESPONSE DELL’OSPITE (the defense capabilities of the body that has struck against bacterial attack)
In the first case, the bacteria can be modified by:
* Oral hygiene (not adequate or systematic)
* Try factors (incongruous fillings, etc. ..)
* Nutritional factors (dietary habits)
In the second case, come into play as factors predisposing to the disease periodontal:
* Genetic factors
* Systemic diseases (diabetes, etc. ..)
* Virus (HIV, etc. ..)
* Habits (smoking, alcohol, drugs, etc. ..)
* Stress
* Psyche (immune modification)
* Social Environment
The state of periodontal severity of the disease depends on the degree of response (defense) that the body has against the attack of pathogenic bacteria leading to the disease.
The disease periodontal takes different forms, depending on the type and severity with which it manifests itself speaks of:
1. Gums (see example images)
2. PARODONTITE (see example images)
3. Recession (see example images)
* In the case of gums, there is no modification of the deterioration of the tissues deep periodontal the constituents, except for-a) bleeding in the survey, and, in serious cases-b) redness of gum marginal-c) swelling, with formation of a pseudotasca for hypertrophy of gum.
Typically, in these cases is appropriate therapy with hygiene, a return to conditions prior anatomical-physiological disease. If the response appears to be little or nothing and in the presence of factors favorite the development of pathogenic bacteria that live in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic) and gram – you can have an aggravation of gingivitis to PARODONTITE.
* In the case of PARODONTITE, the infection in gingivitis was initially superficial, now becomes profound, affecting all tissues periodontal (bone, ligament periodontal, cement, gum), with modifications of respect clinical-morphological, and loss of: -a) alveolar bone,-b) destruction of the ligament and-c) formation of gum pockets favorite the accumulation of plaque, which determines the aggravation of the disease-d) Amendment aesthetic appearance of soft tissue due to bone The gum can follow the retraction bone with expressions of "stretching across the tooth" with more or less exposure of the root, or discover the tooth to partial (recessions)
Depending on the depth survey (measuring gum pockets made with probe) parodontite the ranks in:
1. PARODONTITE SLIGHT (4-5mm)
2. PARODONTITE MEDIA (5-6mm)
3. PARODONTITE GRAVE (> of 7mm)
4. PARODONTITE complications (> 7mm with the loss of alveolar bone at the bifurcations of the roots of the teeth poliradicolati)
* In case of recession, (periodontal loss of soft tissue and / or hard, usually predominantly vestibular al dente, who discovers the roots, affected individuals are more front teeth, the molars more rarely, you might as factors cause traumatic functional and inflammatory. We can distinguish different types of recessions:
1. Recession CLASSICAL (flogosi or without infection)
2. Recession FOLLOWING A PARODONTITE NOT TREATED
3. Recession FOLLOWING A TREATMENT PARODONTALE
4. Recession LINKED TO AGE FACTOR ‘
From stress the fact that a vent can have different levels of severity of the disease periodontal from gingivitis to parodontite serious and complicated by the presence omen of recessions, in other words we have a lack of classification of the disease in different periodontal teeth of the same mouth .
Tags: disease, gingivitis, parodontite, periodontal, recession